绞股蓝总皂甙对慢性肾功能不全大鼠血浆内皮素含量和肾功能的影响

目的：研究绞股蓝总皂甙（ＧＰ）对慢性肾功能不全（ＣＲＩ）大鼠血浆内皮素（ＥＴ）含量和肾功能的影响。方法：用腺嘌呤灌胃建立大鼠ＣＲＩ模型，并用ＧＰ进行防治，以放射免疫法测定血浆ＥＴ含量，常规方法测定血尿素氮、血肌酐和血红蛋白（Ｈｂ）含量。结果：ＧＰ加ＣＲＩ组大鼠肾功能明显改善，Ｈｂ明显升高，ＥＴ含量明显降低；与ＣＲＩ组大鼠比较，各项指标均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ＧＰ对ＣＲＩ大鼠有明显的ＥＴ拮抗作用和改善肾功能作用。     

Possibility of application of calcium carbonate in pulpotomy of rat molars

We investigated restitution processes in mechanically exposed rat molar pulp during pulpotomy with calcium carbonate (CC). The results of the CC treatment were then compared with Calvital^®-containing calcium hydroxide (CH). Micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunoreactivity for nestin, dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1) and osteopontin (OPN) were also analyzed. The increment of dentinlike calcified tissue in the pulp was observed by micro-CT. Both CC and CH groups induced pulpotomy resulted in changes associated with inflammation followed by progressive odontoblasts differentiation, dentin matrix secretion and dentin-like bridge formation. Necrotic layer formation and moderate to severe inflammation occurred during the early stages in the CH group. Necrotic layer formation was not observed in the CC group and only associated with mild to moderate inflammation. Immunoreactivity of nestin was observed earlier in the CC group than the CH group. In the CC group, immunoreactivity of DMP-1 was identified beneath the amputated site after 7 days, before increasing until 28 days, and immunoreactivity of OPN was observed in the dentin-like bridge at 28 days, which was also similar to the CH group. These findings suggested that the primary processes of reparative dentinogenesis after pulpotomy with CC may involve natural pulpal wound-healing mechanisms that are similar to the restitution processes observed during pulpotomy with CH. However, CC may prove to be less irritation and more calcified tissue formation than traditional CH-based materials when used as a pulpotomy agent.     

咪唑安定对鼠中枢杏仁核神经元电活动的影响

目的：观察咪唑安定及其拮抗药对杏仁核神经元峰电位发放频率的影响。方法：在40例小鼠脑薄片标本上对杏仁核簇神经元进行电生理全细胞膜片箍记录。结果：咪唑安定增加神经元放电频率，咪唑安定的这种作用起效迅速，作用时间短，其拮抗药氟马西尼可完全逆转现象。结论：咪唑安定兴奋大脑边缘系统杏仁核，通过与神经细胞膜上苯二氮卓受体 产生抗焦虚，催眠和镇静作用，其作用能完全被氟马西尼拮抗。     

高血压病患者围手术期处理

作者报道５８例外科疾病同时伴有高血压患者的围手术期处理。强调术前适当降低血压，改善心脏功能，将舒张压控制在１４ｋＰａ以内较为安全；术中严密观察血压变化，并作相应处理；术后充分止痛并继续抗高血压治疗     

带蹬吊带体系治疗先天性髋脱位

采用带蹬吊带体系治疗出生2月～3岁间婴幼儿先天性髋脱位（congenitaldislocationofthehip，CDH）418例，均获满意复位，并对其中的168例进行了2～11年远期随访。结果表明：近期复位率为100％，远期优良率为95％；患侧髋臼发育与健侧相比无显著性差异。从而证实该体系是治疗CDH的一种比较全面的方法，成功率高、远期效果好及并发症低。同时强调CDH必须早期诊断，及时治疗。     

血清蛋白电泳分布规律对多种疾病的诊断价值

目的探讨血清蛋白电泳的分布特点及对多种不同疾病的临床诊断价值,并进一步分析其在不同肾病中的临床及实验室检查的特点。方法采用法国Sebia全自动毛细管电泳仪,对多种疾病和正常对照组血清进行电泳,分析其分布规律。结果各组疾病与对照组比较,除β1球蛋白差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,白蛋白、α1球蛋白、α2球蛋白、β2球蛋白、γ球蛋白以及M蛋白均有显著性差异(P<0.01),"山形峰"、"β-γ"桥、宽γ、"M"带显著;在肾病分型各组中肾病综合征中α2球蛋白、β2球蛋白显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。结论血清蛋白电泳分布规律分析对于各类疾病的临床诊断具有重要的参考价值。     

思密达治疗功能性肠胀气的临床研究

目的评价思密达对功能性肠胀气的临床疗效及安全性，并探讨其治疗原理．方法采用随机分组、平行对照实验设计方法，观察功能性肠胀气患者６０例，在应用思密达和安慰剂治疗后症状积分、呼氢值及肠内气体量的改变．结果与安慰剂比较，思密达能够明显降低功能性肠胀气患者临床症状积分、肠内胀气指数及３ｈ呼氢值（０９±０２ｖｓ１９±０４，５９±２１ｖｓ１８４±８２，１６１±２４ｖｓ８４５±８７，Ｐ＜００１）．思密达治疗功能性肠胀气的总有效率为９００％，显著高于安慰剂的２３３％（χ２＝２６９３６，Ｐ＜００１）．思密达的主要副作用是便秘（６７％），但大多数患者能够耐受．结论思密达能够抑制肠内细菌酵解，减少肠内气体，改善临床症状，且安全性好．